运动学对线膝单髁置换术的研究进展

Research progress on kinematic alignment in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

膝单髁置换术后的翻修率和膝关节功能很大程度上与力学对线相关。近几年,越来越多的研究者认为传统的机械学对线并未充分考虑到患者的个性化差异,而只是根据胫骨和股骨的机械轴进行截骨和假体植入,可能并非最佳的对线技术。运动学对线作为一种新兴的对线技术,通过恢复两条运动轴,从三维空间恢复人体自然的关节面方向和膝关节生理软组织平衡,或将成为膝单髁置换术后降低翻修率、提升患者满意度的突破口。本文就运动学对线膝单髁置换术的优点、存在问题和前沿探索进行综述。

The revision rate and knee function after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty are significantly influenced by the precision of mechanical alignment.In recent years,an increasing number of researchers suggest that traditional mechanical alignment technology may not be optimal due to its failure to account for the unique anatomical variance of individual patients.It only performs osteotomy and prosthesis implantation based on the mechanical axes of the tibia and femur.Kinematic alignment,as an emerging alignment technique,restores the natural joint surface orientation and physiological soft tissue balance of the knee from three dimensions by recovering two motion axes,which may be a breakthrough in reducing the revision rate and improving patient satisfaction after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.This article reviews the advantages,current challenges,and cutting-edge explorations of kinematic alignment in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.