自下而上的乡村数字治理何以可能?--以某小程序扩散的社会过程为关键个案

How Is Bottom-Up Rural Digital Governance Possible?The Social Process of the Proliferation of a Mini Program as a Case Study

通过深描某数字平台企业开发的治理小程序在一个村庄从零用户转变为高活跃的社会过程,本研究从村庄视角出发,尝试揭示外来技术在没有经过大规模外部动员的情况下在本土社会扩散的逻辑与机制:首先,线下治理形成的社会网络和社会观念为线上治理小程序的应用奠定了社会基础。其次,与村庄适配的产品设计是数字平台得以顺利“入场”的技术基础。最后,“政务平台化”和“平台敏捷化”这两个关键机制使其得以激活。本文不仅将外来数字治理平台在乡村自下而上的扩散这一经验现象概念化,而且在机制解释层面突破了国家中心论和社会决定论的范式,把技术的独立特征以及技术与社会的互构带回了分析的中心,为村庄治理策略制定和平台产品开发提供了启示。

This paper describes in-depth the social process of the transformation of a governance mini program developed by a digital platform enterprise from“zero users”to“high activity”in a village,and attempts to reveal the logic and mechanism of the diffusion of external technologies in local societies without large-scale external mobilization from the perspective of the village.First,the social network and social concepts formed by offline governance have laid a social foundation for online governance applets.Secondly,the design of products that are compatible with vil-lages is the technical foundation for the smooth“entry”of digital platforms.Finally,these two foundations need to be activated through two key mechanisms:“government platformization”and“plaform agility.”This paper not only conceptualizes the empirical phenomenon of the bottom-up diffusion of external“digital governance platforms”in villages but also breaks through the paradigms of state-centrism and social determinism in the explanation of the mechanism,and brings the independent characteristics of technology and the inter-construction of technology and society back to the center of the analysis,which provides insights on the village governance strategy and the development of platforms and products.