家族与民族:论永井荷风史传小说《下谷丛话》中的双重主题

Family and Nation:Dual Themes in KafūNagai's Historical Novel ShitayaSōwa

永井荷风由文明批评转向史传创作后,写下了其创作生涯中极为重要的一部史传小说《下谷丛话》。该作品在“诗与真”的双重构造之下,呈现出“个人家族层面的寻根问蒂”和“时代遗民视角的抚今追昔”两种史传文学的应然面相;又在历史文化的宏大语境当中,实现了一种“从‘家族文化传承’到‘民族文化演进’”的巧妙映射。永井荷风通过描述日本江户时期文人对中国古典汉诗文的引进、仿效、内化、再造,映射出日本文化“媚外仿异、化异为己”的结构性演进特征,进而揭示了日本文化的深层结构。

After shifting from the criticism of modern civilization to the writing of historical biographies,KafūNagai wrote one of the most important historical novels in his career,Shitaya Sōwa.Under the dual construction of“poetry and truth”,the work presents two natural aspects of historical literature,namely,“searching for the roots at the level of individual family”and“tracing the past from the perspective of the remnants of the times”.In the grand context of history and culture,it realizes a clever mapping from“family culture inheritance”to“national culture evolution”.By describing the introduction,imitation,internalization,and reconstruction of classical Chinese poetry and literature by Japanese literati during the Edo period,KafūNagai maps out the structural evolution of Japanese culture,which is“flattering foreigners,imitating foreigners,and transforming foreigners into oneself”,and then reveals the deep structure of Japanese culture.