1JH-440细碎型玉米秸秆还田机设计与试验

Design and Experiment of 1JH-440 Fine Shredded Corn Straw Returning Machine

针对现有秸秆还田机械与农艺融合不够、秸秆抛撒不均匀、秸秆长度太长、作业方式几繁等问题,结合秸秆直接还田模式中机械化还田的技术特点及区域农艺要求,设计1JH-440细碎型秸秆还田机。对1JH-440细碎型秸秆还田机整机方案进行设计,通过理论计算确定关键部件技术参数。通过对传动系统及刀轴总成设计,确定刀辊回转半径R为275mm、还田刀辊转速n为2000r/min、切削速度V为(50~60)m/s。样机田间试验表明,秸秆粉碎长度合格率为95.6%,抛洒不均匀度13.7%,根茬粉碎率≥90%。经该机构处理后的秸秆细碎程度较高,工作稳定满足农艺要求。该机作为保护性耕作的技术载体,解决了在保护性耕作技术实施过程中农机农艺技术协作差的难题,为我国保护性耕作有效推进提供技术和装备支撑。

The sowing quality has been put forward higher requirements with the implementation of high and new agricultural technology in production.However,the combined soil preparation and seeding machine at present could not fully meet production needs.In this connection,a double-press seeding machine with a wide seeding belt was designed in this paper.The whole structure of the machine was composed of two parts,a dynamic palladium with full suspension and a precision seeder with folding suspension.The integration of operation was carried out by the Power-rake and the seeder with single shaping monomer.The double suppression of wide wheat seedling belt was realized and the uniformity of sowing depth was improved by flattening the soil before sowing and suppressing the seedling belt after sowing.The results of field test and late emergence showed that,the variation coefficient of sowing uniformity of this seeder was 14.2%,the qualified rate of sowing was 93.6%,the bulk density of the soil in⁃creased by 0.193 g/cm3 compared with before,the emergence was good,all performance indexes and operation pa⁃rameters could meet the requirements of national standards and regional agronomic requirements.