培养人工智能时代负责任和有创造力的公民——联合国教科文组织《学生人工智能能力框架》报告要点与思考

Cultivating Responsible and Creative Citizens for the Age of Artificial Intelligence——Key Points and Reflections on UNESCO’s AI Competency Framework for Students

随着人工智能技术在教育教学中的广泛应用,将人工智能学习目标纳入学校正式课程,培养学生人工智能能力,对于学生安全、符合伦理地使用人工智能至关重要。联合国教科文组织制定的《学生人工智能能力框架》,定义了学生在人工智能时代必须掌握的知识、技能和价值观。该框架以增强人类能动性、遵循以人为本、促进可持续发展、确保包容性和促进终身学习为原则,采用二维矩阵的方法,构建了涵盖以人为本的思维方式、人工智能伦理、人工智能技术与应用以及人工智能系统设计4个能力维度,横跨理解、应用和创造3个能力等级的12个人工智能能力模块。文章提出,我国应该研制以人为本的国家人工智能教育战略,创建支持人工智能教育的数字化环境;构建新型的人工智能教育教师培养体系,筑牢高水平的人工智能人才队伍基座;重视人工智能工具与学科深度互融,形成人机协同的教师智能素养新生态;研发符合伦理原则的能力评估工具,动态评估师生人工智能能力。

With the widespread application of AI technology in education and teaching,incorporating AI learning objectives into formal school curricula and cultivating students’AI competencies are crucial for the safe and ethical use of AI by students.The AI Competency Framework for Students developed by UNESCO defines the knowledge,skills,and values that students must master in the AI era.This framework is built on the principles of enhancing human agency,following a humancentered approach,promoting sustainable development,ensuring inclusivity,and fostering lifelong learning.Adopting a two-dimensional matrix approach,the framework encompasses four competency dimensions:human-centered thinking,AI ethics,AI technology and applications,and AI system design.It spans three competency levels—understanding,application,and creation—covering 12 AI competency modules.The article suggests that our country should develop a human-centered national AI education strategy and create a digital environment that supports AI education.It should also establish a new AI education teacher training system,laying a solid foundation for a high-level AI talent pool.Emphasizing the deep integration of AI tools and disciplines,a new ecological system of teacher AI literacy that promotes human-machine collaboration should be formed.Moreover,it is essential to develop competency assessment tools that adhere to ethical principles to dynamically evaluate the AI capabilities of both teachers and students.