政府科技创新政策对高校发展的影响——基于英国的发展经验

The Influence of Government Scientific and Technological Innovation Policy on the Development of Universities:Based on the Development Experience of Britain

高校作为高等教育与人才培养的重要场域,是国家科技创新的重要组成部分。对于提升科技创新政策对高校的影响力,真正实现教育、科技、人才融合发展具有重要作用。以英国为例,运用政策工具理论分析英国科技创新政策重点关注、优先发展的科技领域、高校资源配置、文化环境建设、人才培养等方面,其对高校发展起到引领、激励、预测和管理作用,对高校基础学科和应用学科发展、人才培养、文化建设等方面形成积极影响。结果表明:科技创新政策的正面影响取决于科学的政策制定以及高校的积极行动,应充分发挥政府作用,改革机制体制,重视高校在科技领域的力量;高校应优化学科结构,打造优势学科,规划研究生教育结构与规模,实现分类培养。将高校发展充分融入到科技创新政策中,对高校建设与国家科技创新具有重要意义。

As an important field of higher education and talent training,universities are an important part of national scientific and technological innovation.It is an important issue to enhance the influence of technological innovation policy on universities and truly realize the integrated development of education,science and technology and talents.Taking Britain as an example,this paper analyzes the priority areas of science and technology,the allocation of resources in universities,the construction of cultural environment and the cultivation of talents in British technological innovation policy by using the theory of policy tools,which plays a leading,encouraging,predicting and managing role in the development of universities and has a positive impact on the basic disciplines,applied disciplines,personnel training and cultural construction in universities.The conclusion shows that the positive impact of technological innovation policy depends on the scientific policy formulation and the positive actions of universities.We should give full play to the role of the government,reform the mechanism and system,attach importance to the strength of universities in the field of science and technology,and universities should optimize the discipline structure,create advantageous disciplines,plan the structure and scale of postgraduate education,and realize classified training.It is of great significance to fully integrate the development of colleges and universities into the policy of scientific and technological innovation for university construction and national scientific and technological innovation.