《儒林外史》对立结构论析

Analysis on the Opposition Structure of The Scholars

作为中国古典长篇小说代表作之一的《儒林外史》一直以来都受到了人们的关注。小说以士林为中心描写了各色人物的日常生活,通过他们的行为举止、说话谈吐展示出他们的生存状态、精神面貌,反映作者的理想与追求。在小说呈现出来的纷繁复杂的行文中,作者匠心独运地构建了二元对立结构,既相互对立,又互相照应。通过这一对立结构,作者或隐或现地串联起整部小说的叙事与思想,使其形成一个有机整体,对表现人物、深化主题起到了独特作用。本文从小说总体结构的隐显对立和小说具体意象的对立统一两个维度展开分析,希望通过分析能够使读者加深对《儒林外史》这部不朽名著深刻的思想内涵和卓越的艺术成就的认识。

The Scholars,as one of the representative of Chinese classical novels,has been paid great attention.Centered on the scholarly community,the novel describes the daily lives of various characters to display their living conditions and spiritual outlook,through their behaviors and conversations,reflecting the author’s ideal and pursuit.In the intricate narrative presented in the novel,the author constructs a binary opposition structure with ingenuity,integrating both opposition and complementarity,to interconnect the narration and thoughts of the whole novel,which has formed an organic integrity.All these have exerted a unique role in character portrayal and theme deepening.