学生感知老师关怀行为与抑郁的关联研究

Association between perceived teacher caring behaviors and depression among students

目的 探讨学生感知老师关怀行为与抑郁的关联程度,为高等教育环境中的心理健康卫生政策制定提供策略。方法 本研究采用多级随机抽样方法纳入10所高校的9 389名学生,调查学生感知老师关怀行为和学生抑郁情况,以学校、年级、性别进行1∶1个体匹配,为患有抑郁的学生选取健康对照。使用Spearman等级相关分析和条件logistic回归分析模型分析学生感知老师关怀行为与轻度抑郁、中度抑郁风险的关联。结果 在轻度抑郁及其配对的2 192对学生中,男性有555对(25.3%);在中度抑郁及其配对的635对学生中,男性有147对(23.1%);抑郁学生报告的感知老师关怀行为程度低于各自的健康对照组(Z_(轻度)=-13.497;Z_(中度)=-12.598,均P<0.001)。条件logistic回归分析模型分析显示,学生感知老师关怀行为是轻度抑郁(OR=0.810, 95%CI:0.752~0.873)和中度抑郁(OR=0.603, 95%CI:0.490~0.742)的保护因素(均P<0.001)。结论 学生感知老师关怀行为高有助于降低学生抑郁水平,高校应积极制定和实施针对性的公共卫生策略,以促进学生的心理健康。

Objective To investigate the degree of association between students′perceived teacher caring behaviors and depression,and to provide strategies for the formulation of mental health policies in higher education environments.Methods This study employed a multi-level random sampling approach to recruit 9389 students across 10 universities.A survey was administered to evaluate the students′perceived teacher caring behaviors as well as their depression status.Subsequently,a 1∶1 individual matching was implemented,taking into account school,grade,and gender,to identify healthy controls for the students exhibiting signs of depression.Spearman rank correlation analysis and Conditional logistic regression analysis model were used to analyze association between students′perceived teacher caring behaviors and the risk of mild depression and moderate depression.Results Among the 2192 pairs of students with mild depression and healthy control,555 pairs(25.3%)were male;among the 635 pairs with moderate depression and healthy control,147 pairs(23.1%)were male.Students with depression reported lower levels of perceived teacher caring behaviors compared to their healthy controls(Zmild=-13.497,Zmoderate=-12.598,P<0.001).Conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that perceived teacher caring behaviors were protective factors against mild depression(OR=0.810,95%CI:0.752-0.873)and moderate depression(OR=0.603,95%CI:0.490-0.742).Conclusions High levels of students′perceived teacher caring behaviors contribute to reducing depression among students.Universities should actively develop and implement targeted public health strategies to promote students′mental health.