小花棘豆苦马豆素和营养成分分析

Analysis of Nutritional Evaluation and Swainsonine of Oxytropis glabra DC.

该文选取鄂尔多斯市乌审旗3个试验点天然草地小花棘豆,分别在分枝期、现蕾期、盛花期和枯黄期检测其苦马豆素和粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗脂肪等营养成分。结果表明,小花棘豆中苦马豆素含量和营养成分在不同物候期呈动态变化,苦马豆素在盛花期含量最高,粗蛋白、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、磷平均含量在现蕾期表现最好。综合评定小花棘豆毒素和营养成分,结果为现蕾期>分枝期>盛花期>枯黄期。在小花棘豆综合利用过程中,如提取苦马豆素,最佳刈割期为盛花期,如作饲草料,最佳刈割期为现蕾期,结合脱毒或间歇饲喂等方式进行利用。

This article selected Oxytropis glabra DC.from three experimental sites in the natural grassland of Wushen Banner,Ordos City,and analyzed its swainsonine,crude protein,crude fiber,crude fat and other nutrients at branching stage,budding stage,blooming stage and yellowing stage respectively.The results showed:The content and nutrient composition of swainsonine showed dynamic changes at different phenological stages.The highest content of swainsonine at blooming stage,and the highest content of crude protein,crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber and phosphorus at budding stage.The results of comprehensive evaluation of swainsonine and nutrient components were as follows:budding stage>branching stage>blooming stage>yellowing stage.In the comprehensive utilization process,if swainsonine is extracted,the best cutting stage is the blooming stage,if it is used as forage,the best cutting stage is the budding stage,and it csn be used in combination with detoxification or intermittent feeding.