不同节位修剪对‘夏黑’葡萄二次花芽分化及果实品质的影响

Effects of different node pruning on flower bud differentiation and fruit quality of Vitis vinifera‘Summer Black’secondary fruit

为研究‘促早+避雨’栽培模式下,不同节位修剪对葡萄二次成花及二次果果实品质的影响,以7 a生‘夏黑’葡萄为材料,分析留5芽、留7芽和留9芽(简称5芽、7芽、9芽)修剪对葡萄萌芽率、成花率、单果质量、穗重、可溶性固形物含量等指标的影响。结果表明:3种不同修剪方式对葡萄二次萌芽率和成花率均产生了一定影响。其中,5芽修剪萌芽率和成花率最高,9芽修剪则较低。在单果质量和穗重方面,5芽修剪二次果穗重最大,但不同节位修剪并未对单果质量和果形指数产生显著影响。5芽和7芽修剪二次果可溶性固形物含量显著高于9芽修剪,5芽修剪二次果可滴定酸含量则显著低于9芽修剪,5芽修剪二次果葡萄糖和果糖含量均显著高于9芽修剪,但不同节位修剪均未对蔗糖和花色苷含量产生较大影响。综上所述,3种修剪方法中留5芽修剪最适宜于‘夏黑’葡萄一年两熟栽培,其次为留7芽修剪,留9芽修剪则不太适宜。

In order to study the effects of different node pruning on the secondary fruit flowering and fruit quality of Vitis vinifera under the mode of‘promoting early+rain-shelter’cultivation,7-year-old Vitis vinifera‘Summer Black’was used as the test material to analyze the effects of 5-bud,7-bud and 9-bud pruning(abbreviated as 5 buds,7 buds and 9 buds)on the germination rate,flowering rate,single fruit weight,ear weight,soluble solids content and fruit sugar and acid content of Vitis vinifera.The results showed that three different pruning methods had certain effect on germination and flowering rate of Vitis vinifera secondary fruit.Among them,the germination rate and flowering rate of 5-bud pruning were the highest,and the 9-bud pruning was lower.In terms of single fruit weight and ear weight,the second ear weight of 5-bud pruning was the heaviest,but different node pruning did not have significant effect on single fruit weight and fruit shape index.In terms of sugar,acid and anthocyanin content,the soluble solids content of 5-bud and 7-bud pruning secondary fruit was higher than that of 9-bud pruning.The titratable acid content of 5-bud pruning secondary fruit was lower than that of 9-bud pruning.The glucose and fructose content of 5-bud pruning secondary fruit was higher than that of 9-bud pruning.But different node pruning had no significant effect on sucrose and anthocyanin content.In summary,among the three pruning methods,5-bud pruning was the most suitable for one-year double-cropping cultivation of Vitis vinifera‘Summer Black’,followed by 7-bud pruning,and 9-bud pruning was not suitable.