道德势能与德治秩序的生成机制

Moral Potentiality and the Mechanisms of Moral Order Formation

德治秩序的形成需要依赖道德势能的形成。由于存在“位的落差”,处于高位的“关键少数”更容易得到低位者的关注和效仿。只要“关键少数”做到以德配位,就可使道德变得高贵,道德能量就会因为“位的落差”从高处自然地流动到低洼地带。除此之外,人与人之间的行为模仿也是德治秩序形成的重要因素。身教是德治秩序形成的基本途径,通过高位者行为示范,以及大众的行为模仿,道德能量可由高到低地传播。由于身与心的密切联系,对道德行为的模仿也会带来道德心理的转变。在现代国家中,不同的政治理念、政治制度和文化意识对道德势能的形成有重要影响。与西方国家不同的是,中国政治权力对道德势能有着重要依赖,这也为德治秩序的形成奠定了基础。

The The formation of a moral order relies on the development of moral potential.Due to the existence of“positional disparity”,the“key minority”in higher positions is more likely to attract the attention and imitation of those in low positions.As long as the"key minority"aligns their moral character with their position,morality can become noble,and moral energy will naturally flow from the high to low areas due to this"positional disparity".Besides,behavioral imitation among people is also an important factor in the formation of moral governance order.Leading by example is a fundamental approch to establishing a moral governance order.Through the behavioural demonstration of those in higher positions and the imitation of the masses,moral energy can be transmitted from high to low.Due to the close connection between the body and mind,the imitation of moral behaviour can also bring about a transformation in moral psychology.In modern countries,different political ideologies,political systems and cultural consciousness have significant influences on the formation of moral potential.Unlike Western countries,political power in China has a crucial reliance on moral potential,which also lays the foundation for the establishment of a moral governance order.