司法解释性质文件的法治化调控

A Study on Legal Regulations of Judicial Interpretative Documents

司法解释性质文件是最高人民法院就具体应用法律问题单独或联合其他机关制定,不以“法释”编号发文且无需接受全国人大常委会备案审查监督的司法文件。司法解释性质文件作为最高人民法院非正式释法体系的重要内容,在执行司法政策、统一裁判结果、回应司法需求、促进规则执行等方面发挥了重要的作用,但也面临着混同司法解释、内容重复赘余、异化裁判依据、超越释法权限、开辟卸责通道等法治困境。为打破上述困境,应当采取规范名称使用、加强审查和清理、调整裁判文书结构、纳入备案审查、减少制发数量等应对举措,才能实现对司法解释性质文件的法治化调控。

Judicial interpretative documents are judicial documents issued by the Supreme People s Court or the Supreme People's Court and other agencies.Judicial interpretative documents are not issued with the“Fa Shi”number and they do not need to accept the filling review of the Standing Committee of the National People s Congress.As an important component of the informal law interpretation system of the Supreme People s Court,judicial interpretative documents play a significant role in executing judicial policies,unifying judgment results,responding to judicial needs,and promoting rule enforcement.However,they also face legal dilemmas such as the confusion with judicial interpretation,redundancy in content,alienation as judgement criteria,exceeding interpretation authority,and creating channels for evasion of responsibility.To break through these dilemmas,measures should be taken,including standardizing the use of names,strengthening review and clean-up,adjusting the structure of judgment documents,incorporating them in the filing review,reducing the quantity of formulation and issuance,to achieve legal regulation of judicial interpretative documents.