螺旋型自由液面多射流静电纺丝机理及工艺分析

Principle and technology analysis of spiral free-surface multi-jet electrospinning

为了提高纳米纤维的产量,提出了一种螺旋型自由液面多射流静电纺丝技术,对螺旋丝杆的形状、不同间距、电压和产量进行了研究。利用有限元的方法模拟了电极几何形状和不同丝杆间距对电场分布的影响和试验验证。结果表明:相同电压下螺旋电极电场强度高于圆柱棒状电极,当螺旋电极间距为210 mm时,纤维之间的干扰现象基本消失,提高了纳米纤维的产量,验证了螺旋电极静电纺丝的可行性。相同参数下使用螺旋电极制备的聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维膜平均直径可达到170.4 nm,产量高达6.37 g/h,而聚酰胺酸(PAA)纤维膜平均直径可达到200.5 nm,产量也可达到6.02 g/h。该螺旋丝杆无针静电纺丝装置为实现均匀纳米纤维的大规模生产提供了一种新的方法。

In order to increase the yield of nanofibers,a spiral free-surface multi-jet electrospinning technique was proposed.The shape,different spacing,voltage and yield of the spiral screw were studied.The effect of electrode geometry and different screw spacing on electric field distribution was simulated by finite element method and verified by experiment.The results show that the electric field strength of the helical screw electrode was higher than that of the cylindrical rod electrode at the same voltage.When the spacing of the spiral screw electrodes was 210 mm,the interference during the fibers was basically disappeared,and the production of nanofibers was improved,which verified the feasibility of the helical screw electrode electrospinning.Under the same parameters,the average diameter of polyacrylonitrile(PAN)fiber membrane prepared by spiral screw electrode could be reached 170.4 nm,the yield can be reached 6.37 g/h,the average diameter of polyamide acid(PAA)fiber membrane can be reached 200.5 nm,the yield can also be reached 6.02 g/h.The spiral rod needle-free electrospinning device provides a new method for largescale production of uniform nanofibers.