罗哲文:中国文物保护事业的重要开拓者

Luo Zhewen:A Significant Pioneer in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage in China

罗哲文先生是我国文化遗产保护事业有影响力的代表性人物。从1940年在四川李庄加入中国营造学社起,在梁思成、林徽因、刘敦桢等师长的培养教育下,走上古建筑保护研究之路,后来成为新中国成立以后第一代文物保护工作者,并为之奉献毕生精力。罗哲文先生主持或指导过多项重要古建筑保护项目,拥有丰富的实践经验,并将长城保护作为毕生坚持的事业;同时他还是历史文化名城保护和世界文化遗产保护的推动者之一,是我国建立文物保护法律法规体系和文物保护理念的重要参与者,文物保护队伍建设的重要推动者;他长期参与文物保护培训教学工作,在晚年又倡导古建筑保护的“师承制”,培养出一批古建筑保护的新生力量。此外罗哲文先生还勤于笔耕,撰写了大量文物保护的专著、论文、学术报告和普及读物。时值罗哲文先生100周年诞辰,本文基于《罗哲文文集》收录的专著、论文和书信,对罗哲文为我国的文博事业发展所作的贡献做了比较全面的梳理和客观评价,希望更多人认识他对中国文博事业的重要贡献,以及勤奋、执着、谦逊、高瞻远瞩的治学精神。

Luo Zhewen(1924–2012)was a significant representative in the field of cultural heritage conservation in China.Since joining the Society for Research in Chinese Architecture in Lizhuang,Sichuan in 1942,he embarked on the protection and research of ancient Chinese architecture under the guidance of respected mentors including Liang Sicheng,Lin Huiyin,and Liu Dunzhen.After 1950,he joined the Bureau of Cultural Heritage under the Ministry of Culture of China,becoming one of the first generation of cultural heritage conservationists in the newly established People’s Republic of China,and devoted his entire life to it.Luo Zhewen was recognized as a master in the conservation of ancient buildings.He led or directed numerous conservation projects concerning significant ancient structures,including Tuancheng of Beijing and the Pingyao Ancient City,accumulating a wealth of practical experience.Since his youth,he had participated in the investigation and restoration of the Great Wall,making its protection his lifelong endeavor,and was hailed as“the first person of the Great Wall protection”.He was a pioneer in the conservation of historical and cultural cities in China,making significant contributions to the preservation of culture and historical remains of existing ancient cities in China.He was a promoter of the conservation of world cultural heritage in China,facilitating the Chinese government’s accession to the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1985.He was an important participant in the establishment of China’s legal system and conceptions of cultural heritage conservation.While comprehending international experience,he advocated for a cultural heritage conservation system with Chinese characteristics.He was a prominent contributor to the building of China’s professional team of cultural heritage conservation,taking part in the education and training of cultural heritage protection from a young age,and initiating the apprenticeship system in the protection of ancient buildings in his later years.He recruited disciples and cultivated a new generation of effective strengths in historic building protection.In addition to being fully committed to various cultural heritage conservation tasks,Luo Zhewen was diligent in writing,authoring numerous monographs,papers,and academic reports on cultural heritage conservation,and published several popular books to promote Chinese cultural heritage and their conservation to the public.This article,through the study of monographs,papers,and letters included in the Collection of Luo Zhewen,provides a comprehensive and objective evaluation of Luo Zhewen’s contribution to the development of China’s cultural heritage and museum field.This article is written on the 100th anniversary of Luo Zhewen’s birth,aiming to make the whole society understand his life and recognize his irreplaceable contributions to China’s cultural heritage and museum field,to inspire future generations to learn from his spirit of diligence,persistence,humility,and foresight,and participate in the conservation of cultural heritage,promoting a greater development in the heritage and museum field in China.