高分辨率血管壁成像在缺血性卒中患者中的应用进展

Progress on the Application of High-Resolution Vessel Wall Imaging in Patients with Ischemic Stroke

高分辨率血管壁成像是一种新的脑血管病诊断技术。与以往只能观察血管狭窄程度的影像学检查(如CT、MRA和DSA等)相比,该技术可以在血管狭窄发生前早期发现血管壁存在的结构改变,并对斑块的生物学形态(如斑块的大小/厚度、斑块内出血、脂质核坏死或破裂纤维帽等)进行清晰的观察,可以在很大程度上提高缺血性卒中的病因学诊断率。本文通过介绍高分辨率血管壁成像在动脉粥样硬化性缺血性卒中、脑小血管病、颅颈动脉夹层以及其他特殊病因缺血性卒中患者中的应用,阐述高分辨率血管壁成像对缺血性卒中防治的重要意义。

High-resolution vessel wall imaging(HR-VWI)is an innovative diagnostic technology for cerebrovascular diseases.Compared with the conventional imaging examinations like CT,MRA,and DSA,which can only observe the degree of luminal stenosis,this technology can detect the structural alterations in the vessel wall early before the occurrence of luminal stenosis,and provide clear observations of the biological morphology of plaques,including the size/thickness of the plaques,intraplaque hemorrhage,lipid-rich necrotic cores,and ruptured fibrous caps.Consequently,it substantially augments the etiological diagnosis rate of ischemic stroke.This paper illustrated the importance of HR-VWI technology in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke through presenting the application of HR-VWI technology in atherosclerotic ischemic stroke,cerebral small vessel disease,cervicocerebral artery dissection,and other special causes of ischemic stroke.