精益建造视角下的建筑设计方法初探

Preliminary Exploration onArchitectural Design Methods from the Perspective of Lean Construction

建筑业与制造业同根同源、相伴发展,都蕴含着“精益基因”,但是制造业先知先觉最先激活其精益基因走上了精益之路。为了追赶制造业步伐,激活建筑业的“精益基因”,精益建造被提了出来,但它只是帮助建筑业实现了形式上的精益,却未达到实质上的精益。要实现建筑业实质上的精益,建筑设计是核心,只有将目前传统的建筑设计转变为精益的建筑设计才能推动建筑业走向实质的精益。文章从精益的视角,通过对传统建筑设计进行深层次的解构分析,阐释了传统建筑设计的固有特点是建筑业精益困局的根本原因,同时也指出了建筑设计向精益转变的根本在于树立建筑设计精益价值观。由此,文章基于建筑设计精益价值观并借鉴制造业精益产品设计经验,构建出由设计技术、设计管理、设计评价三大板块构成的一套完整的精益建筑设计方法体系,助力建筑业的精益转变。

The construction industry and manufacturing industry share the same roots and development,and both contain the"lean gene".However,the manufacturing industry was the first to activate its lean gene and embark on the path of lean.In order to catch up with the pace of manufacturing and activate the"lean gene"of the construction industry,lean construction has been proposed,but it has only helped the construction industry achieve formal lean,but has not reached substantive lean.In order to achieve substantial lean in the construction industry,architectural design is the core.Only by transforming traditional architectural design into lean architectural design can the construction industry move towards substantial lean.The article,from a lean perspective,deeply deconstructs and analyzes traditional architectural design,explaining that the inherent characteristics of traditional architectural design are the fundamental reason for the lean dilemma in the construction industry.At the same time,it also points out that the fundamental transformation of architectural design to lean lies in establishing the lean values of architectural design.Therefore,based on the lean values of architectural design and drawing on the experience of lean product design in the manufacturing industry,this article constructs a complete lean architectural design methodology system consisting of three major sections:design technology,design management,and design evaluation,to assist in the lean transformation of the construction industry.