2022年陕西省159所医疗机构医院感染现患率调查

Survey of prevalence rates of nosocomial infections among 159 medical institutions of Shaanxi Province in 2022

目的了解全省医院感染现状,为区域化的指标数据提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,床旁调查和病例调查相结合的方法调查2022年7月15日-12月31日陕西省159所医疗机构的医院感染现患率情况。结果共调查住院患者68945例,发生医院感染630例,感染率0.91%,医院感染667例次,感染例次率0.97%;感染率最高为宝鸡市(1.61%),最低为榆林市(0.56%);医院感染部位排名前三位的分别为下呼吸道(43.48%),泌尿道(11.99%)、上呼吸道(10.04%);医院感染率高的前五位科室依次为综合ICU(10.15%)、神经外科(4.76%)、血液病科(3.73%)、烧伤科(2.11%)和新生儿科(2.09%);Ⅰ类切口手术患者感染率为2.19%,Ⅰ类切口手术患者预防性使用抗菌药物使用率为38.15%;不同床位数医疗机构医院感染现患率、抗菌药物使用率、Ⅰ类切口手术患者感染率等比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=120.240、198.165、5.732,P均<0.001)。结论需关注手术部位、烧伤科、新生儿科的医院感染以及抗菌药物合理应用的管理等,此次现患率调查为全省开展医院感染防控工作提供数据支持。

OBJECTIVE To understand the current status of nosocomial infection in the whole province so as to provide bases for data of regionalized indexes.METHODS By means of cross-sectional survey,bedside survey combined with case survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence rates of nosocomial infections among the 159 medical institutions of Shaanxi Province from Jul 152022 to Dec 312022.RESULTS A total of 68945 hospitalized patients were enrolled in the survey,630 of whom had nosocomial infection,with the infection rate 0.91%;667 case-times of patients had nosocomial infection,with the case-time infection rate 0.97%.The infection rate was the highest in Baoji(1.61%),the lowest in Yulin(0.56%).Lower respiratory tract(43.48%),urinary trat(11.99%)and upper respiratory tract(10.04%)ranked the top 3 sites of infections.The top 5 departments ranking the high incidence rates of nosocomial infections were in turn as follows:comprehensive ICU(10.15%),neurosurgery department(4.76%),hematology department(3.73%),burn department(2.11%)and neonatology department(2.09%).The infection rate was 2.19%among the patients undergoing typeⅠincision surgery,the utilization rate of antibiotics for prophylaxis was 38.15%among the typeⅠincision surgery patients.There were significant differences in the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection,utilization rate of antibiotics and infection rate of the typeⅠincision surgery patients among the medical institutions with different number of beds(χ^(2)=120.240,198.165,5.732,all P<0.001).CONCLUSION It is necessary to focus on the prevalence of nosocomial infection in burn department,neonatology department and surgical site infection as well as reasonable use of antibiotics.The survey of the prevalence rates may provide data support for prevention and control of nosocomial infection in the whole province.