计划消解适应:基层风险治理效能困境及其解释——基于湖北省荆门市Y镇“山火”事件的个案分析

Planning Counteracting Adaptation:The Dilemma of Primary-Level Risk Governance Effectiveness and Its Explanation--A Case Study Based

围绕风险治理体系和治理效能问题,结合湖北省荆门市Y镇“山火”事件的事中风险治理过程,讨论了风险治理效能困境的影响因素、形塑逻辑与解决对策等。研究发现,在“山火”事件治理中,组织的响应能力、沟通能力、整合能力和协作能力等方面存在的不足,影响了组织化韧性的生长,造成了事中风险治理效能提升的困境。而导致组织化韧性缺失的根源在于基层风险治理体系的非均衡韧性构建,致使结构韧性抑制了过程韧性,出现计划消解适应问题;同时,计划性过强,也销蚀着事后风险修复的系统韧性,带来整个风险治理体系的效能困境。为了化解基层风险治理效能困境,需要“以计划性提高适应性、以适应性改善计划性”。在理论上对基层风险治理韧性体系与运作系统进行了分层分类讨论,并提出风险治理的控制—响应模式、自治—回应模式以及组织化韧性的“响应—沟通—整合—协作”四维分析模型(RCIC)。

Focusing on the issues of risk governance system and governance effectiveness,the study discusses the influencing factors,shaping logic and countermeasures of the predicament of risk governance effectiveness in the context of the risk governance of the mountain fire incident in Township Y,Jingmen,Hubei Province.It is found that in the governance of the mountain fire incident,the deficiencies in organizational responsiveness,communication,integration and collaboration affect the growth of organizational resilience,resulting in the dilemma of enhancing the effectiveness of operational risk governance.The root cause of the lack of organizational resilience lies in the unbalanced resilience construction of the primary-level risk governance system,resulting in structural resilience inhibiting the process resilience,and the problem of planning counteracting adaptation;meanwhile,strong planning is eroding the systemic resilience of the ex-post risk restoration,and bringing about the effectiveness predicament of the whole risk governance system.In order to solve the effectiveness dilemma of primary-level risk governance,it is necessary to"improve adaptability by planning,and improve planning by adaptability".This study discusses the resilience system and operational system of primary-level risk governance in theory,and proposes the control-response model,autonomy-response model of risk governance and the four-dimensional"response-communicationintegration-collaboration"model of organizational resilience.