免疫抑制剂抗病毒作用研究进展

Research progress on antiviral effects of immunosuppressants

免疫抑制剂主要用于降低实体器官移植后发生的排斥反应,从而提高器官移植的成功率。然而,免疫抑制剂长期使用也会严重影响患者机体的免疫功能,进而增加患者感染病毒类疾病以及术后并发症导致移植失败的风险。因此,患者需要在服用免疫抑制剂的同时也服用抗病毒药物。若发现一些具有抗病毒效果的免疫抑制剂,将大大减轻患者服用药物的负担。目前,具有抗病毒效果的免疫抑制剂已被研究人员关注。这些免疫抑制剂抗病毒机制的逐步揭示,有助于优化器官移植受者术后康复的治疗方案。基于机体对移植器官产生排异反应的机制,本文系统阐述了与器官移植患者感染密切相关的病毒种类以及一些免疫抑制剂在抗病毒方面的分子机制,进一步为临床上预防和治疗器官移植引发病毒性感染提供新的思路。

Immmunosuppressants are mainly used to reduce rejection after solid organ transplantation,so as to improve the success rate of organ transplantation.However,long-term use of immunosuppressants can also seriously impair the immune function of patients,thereby increasing the risk of viral infection and postoperative complications,leading to transplant failure.Therefore,patients need to use both immunosuppressants and antiviral agents.If some immunosuppressants with antiviral effects are found,the patient’s burden of taking medicines will be greatly reduced.Currently,the immunosuppressants with antiviral effect have been focused by researchers.The gradual revealing of the antiviral mechanism of these immunosuppressants will help to optimize the treatment plan of postope-rative rehabilitation of organ transplant recipients.Based on the mechanism of rejection of transplanted organ,this paper systematically describes the types of viruses which closely related to infection of organ transplant patients and the molecular mechanism of some immunosuppressants in antiviral aspects,which further provides a new idea for clinical prevention and treatment of viral infection due to organ transplantation.