九龙江入海口红树林生境保护与生态修复措施评价

Habitat Conservation and Evaluation of Ecological Restoration Measures of Mangrove Forest at the Estuary of Jiulong River

1988年福建省政府批准成立九龙江入海口红树林保护区,后因围海养殖、滩涂围垦等人类活动和自然因素的影响,红树林面积锐减,红树林生态系统受到损害。本文以九龙江入海口海岸带红树林为研究对象,在红树林分布区的潮间带和潮下带布设21个采样点,收集水样及表层沉积物,并进行相应的理化分析。通过现场勘测、文献调研、模型计算,确定研究区域主要的红树林物种为秋茄,盐度为2.5‰~25‰,底质中值粒径小于0.05 mm,淹没时间小于6 h的环境比较适合重建秋茄林。基于秋茄针对盐度、底质粒径、淹没时间三项指标所构建的栖息地适宜度模型能够比较好地指示关注区对种植秋茄的适宜度。研究成果对九龙江区域红树林生态修复和生物多样性恢复具有重要意义,对类似独流入海型河流河口红树林修复亦起到借鉴作用。

In 1988,the Fujian Provincial Government approved the establishment of Jiulongjiang Estuary Mangrove Reserve.Later,due to the impact of human activities and natural factors,such as aquaculture and reclamation of mudflat,the area of mangroves de⁃clined sharply,and the mangrove ecosystem was damaged.This article took the mangrove forests in the coastal zone of the Jiulong River estuary as the research object.21 sampling points were set up in the intertidal and subtidal zones of the mangrove distribu⁃tion area to collect water samples and surface sediments,on which corresponding physical and chemical analysis was carried out.Through on-site investigation,literature review,and model calculation,it is determined that the main mangrove species in the study area is autumn eggplant,with a salinity of 2.5‰-25‰,a median particle size of less than 0.05 mm in sediment,and a sub⁃mergence time of less than 6 hours,which is more suitable for reconstructing autumn eggplant forests.The habitat suitability model constructed based on three indicators of salinity,bottom plasmid diameter,and inundation time for autumn eggplants can effectively indicate the suitability of the target area for planting autumn eggplants.The research results are of great significance for the ecologi⁃cal restoration and biodiversity restoration of mangroves in the Jiulong River region,and also serve as a reference for the restoration of mangroves in estuaries of rivers that flow into the sea alone.