基于综合评估的针对性护理干预对髋关节置换高龄患者术后恢复的影响

Influence of comprehensive assessment-based targeted nursing intervention on postoperative recovery of advanced-aged patients undergoing hip replacement

目的探讨基于综合评估的针对性护理干预对股骨颈骨折髋关节置换高龄患者术后恢复的影响。方法以平煤神马医疗集团总医院2020年7月至2023年7月收治的90例股骨颈骨折髋关节置换高龄患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组和对照组(n=45),其中观察组实施基于综合评估的针对性护理干预,对照组采用常规护理干预。记录术后住院时间和术后并发症,评估两组患者干预前后功能恢复、心理状态和疼痛程度。结果干预前两组患者髋关节Harris功能评分、改良Barthel指数(MBI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和面部表情分级量表(FRS)评分相近,干预后观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,观察组术后住院时间更短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后并发症总发生率差异不大(P>0.05)。结论相较于常规护理干预,对股骨颈骨折髋关节置换术高龄患者采取基于综合评估的针对性护理干预,能有效促进髋关节功能恢复,改善患者焦虑抑郁状态,减轻疼痛,缩短术后住院时间,加快康复进程。

Objective To explore the influence of comprehensive assessment-based targeted nursing(CATN) intervention on postoperative recovery of advanced-aged patients with femoral neck fracture(FNF)who undergoing hip replacement.Methods Using the random number table method,90 advanced aged FNF patients who treated by hip replacement in General Hospital of PingCoal Shenma Medical Group from July 2020 to July2023 were divided into control group and observation group(n=45).Patients in observation group implemented CATN while in control group,regular nursing intervention was carried out.Postoperative hospital stay and postoperative complications of the two groups were recorded,and the functional recovery,psychological state and pain degree of the two groups before and after the intervention were evaluated.Results Before the intervention,Harris function score of hip joint,modified Barthel index(MBI),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS)and facial expression rating scale(FRS)scores in two groups were similar;After the intervention,the above indicators in observation group were better than those in control group(P<0.05).In observation group,postoperative hospital stay was shorter than that of control group,the differences showed statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference of total incidence of postoperative complications between two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Compared with routine nursing intervention,CATN for advanced-aged FNF patients who undergoing hip replacement could effectively promote the recovery of hip joint function,relieve the anxiety and depression,alleviate pain,shorten the postoperative hospital stay,and as a result,accelerate the rehabilitation process.