大一护理系学生心理健康素养与心理健康的关系:心理弹性的中介作用

The relationship between mental health literacy and mental health of freshmen nursing students:The mediating role of psychological resilience

目的探讨大一护理系学生(护生)心理健康素养、心理健康与心理弹性的现状以及三者之间的关系。方法采用方便抽样法选取大一护生202人作为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、青少年心理健康素养评定量表(AMHLAQ)、心理健康量表(K10),心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)进行调查。结果(1)城市大一护生心理健康素养(t=−2.832,P<0.01)、心理健康水平(t=3.052,P<0.001)和心理弹性水平(t=−2.521,P<0.05)高于农村大一护生;独生子女的心理健康素养(t=2.098,P<0.05)和心理健康水平(t=−2.684,P<0.01)高于非独生;父亲学历为高中及以上的心理健康素养(t=−2.543,P<0.05)和心理健康水平(t=3.082,P<0.01)高于父亲学历为初中及以下;母亲学历为高中及以上的心理健康素养(t=−2.052,P<0.05)和心理健康水平(t=2.595,P<0.01)高于父亲学历为初中及以下;(2)心理健康得分越高,心理问题越严重,心理健康素养与心理弹性呈正相关(r=0.340,P<0.01),心理健康得分与心理健康素养、心理弹性呈负相关(r=−0.651,−0.384,P<0.01)。(3)心理弹性在心理健康素养与心理健康中存在部分中介效应,中介效应值为−0.190,中介效应占比15.68%。结论山西医科大学汾阳学院大一护生心理健康存在一定问题,要多注重农村地区、非独生子女以及父母学历较低的人群心理健康和心理健康素养的培养,大一护生心理健康素养越高,心理弹性水平越高,心理健康得分越低,心理健康水平越高。心理弹性在心理健康素养与心理健康中起中介作用,可以提升大一护生的心理弹性水平,培养其坚韧性、自强性和乐观性,从而降低心理健康得分,提高心理健康水平。

Objective To explore the current status of mental health literacy,mental health,and psychological resilience among first-year nursing students,as well as the relationship among the three.Methods A total of 202 freshmen were selected as the research subjects using convenience sampling method.The survey was conducted using a general information questionnaire,the Adolescent Mental Health Literacy Assessment Scale(AMHLAQ),the Mental Health Scale(K10),and the Psychological Resilience Scale(CD-RISC).Results(1)The mental health literacy(t=−2.832,P<0.01),mental health level(t=3.052,P<0.001),and psychological resilience level(t=−2.521,P<0.05)of urban freshmen were significantly higher than those of rural freshmen.The mental health literacy(t=2.098,P<0.05)and mental health level(t=−2.684,P<0.01)of only-child were higher than those of non-only-child.The mental health literacy(t=−2.543,P<0.05)and mental health level(t=3.082,P<0.01)of the father with a high school education or above were higher than those of the father with a middle school education or below.The mental health literacy(t=−2.052,P<0.05)and mental health level(t=2.595,P<0.01)of the mother with a high school education or above were higher than those of the father with a middle school education or below.(2)The higher the mental health score,the more serious the psychological problem.There was a significant positive correlation between mental health literacy and psychological resilience(r=0.340,P<0.01),while there was a significant negative correlation among mental health score and mental health literacy and psychological resilience(r=−0.651,−0.384,P<0.01).(3)Psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between mental health literacy and mental health,with a mediating effect value of−0.190,accounting for 15.68%of the total.Conclusions There are certain problems with the mental health of freshmen nursing students in Shanxi Medical University.It is necessary to pay more attention to the cultivation of mental health and mental health literacy in rural areas,non-only-child,and those whose parents with lower educational level.The higher the mental health literacy and resilience level of freshmen nursing students,the lower their mental health scores,and the higher their mental health level.Psychological resilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between mental health literacy and mental health.It can cultivate the level of psychological resilience,resilience,self-improvement and optimism of first-year nursing students,thereby reducing their mental health scores and improving their mental health level.