刘宋对扬、荆、豫等要州的分合述论

Liu Song's Discourse on the Division and Integration of Yaozhou

东晋南朝时期,由于扬州、荆州、豫州、南徐州和南兖州在政治、经济和军事上的重要性以及历史教训,刘宋君主对这些要州格外重视,多次予以分割、合并。宋武帝和宋文帝对荆州和豫州三次分割是为了加强中央对地方的控制力,两次合并是为了征伐北魏。对南兖州和南徐州政区的调整是为了增强它们的实力,更好捍卫京师建康;其次是平衡它们的势力,让二者互相制衡。宋孝武帝和宋明帝多次对荆州、豫州分割也是为了加强中央对地方的控制力。荆州经过刘宋时期的多次分割,由宋初的31个郡变为11个郡,实力严重削弱,雍州的实力则是不断增强,二者形成此消彼长的态势,这对当时和以后的政局产生了重要影响。

During the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties,due to the political,economic,and military importance of Yangzhou,Jingzhou,Yuzhou,Southern Xuzhou,and Southern Yanzhou,as well as historical lessons,the rulers of the Liu and Song dynasties attached great importance to these important states and repeatedly divided and merged them.Emperor Wu and Emperor Wen of Song divided Jingzhou and Yuzhou three times to strengthen the central government's control over the local areas,and merged them twice to conquer Northern Wei;The adjustment of the political districts of Nanyanzhou and Nanxuzhou is to enhance their strength,better defend the capital Jiankang,and secondly balance their power,so that the two can balance each other.Emperor Xiaowu and Emperor Ming of Song repeatedly divided Jingzhou and Yuzhou in order to strengthen the central government's control over the local areas.Jingzhou underwent multiple divisions during the Liu Song period,from 31 counties at the beginning of the Song Dynasty to 11 counties,severely weakening its strength,while Yongzhou's strength continued to increase.The two formed a situation of mutual growth and decline,which had an important impact on the political situation at that time and in the future.