寄迹山水:中古时代的会稽隐逸

Lodging in the Mountains and Rivers:The Kuaiji Hermits in Medieval China

汉晋之间的会稽隐逸,如龙丘苌隐居会稽龙丘山、严光耕于富春山等,已呈现出寄迹山水、诗书自娱的特点,也为后来的会稽隐逸所继承。永嘉之乱后,衣冠南渡,伴随着南方经济文化的繁荣,东晋南朝时期会稽地区出现了大批隐逸之士,成为南方隐逸传统的重要组成部分。会稽地区的秀丽山水不仅为士大夫提供了舒适的生活环境,也为他们的诗文创作和艺术想象提供了无限的驰骋空间,会稽隐逸所代表的南方隐逸之士以诗文艺术摹画山水、重塑自然,赋予山水以精神价值,再加上后世文人的追踪和寻访,使得东南山水逐步形成了属于自己的人文传统。

The Kuaiji Hermits in Han,Wei and Jin Dynasties presented the characteristics of lodging in the mountains and rivers and enjoying themselves with poetry and classics,which was inherited by later Kuaiji Hermits.After“Yongjia Turmoil”,the Han Chinese moved from the north to the south and the economy and culture in south China developed rapidly.At the same time,a lot of hermits appeared in the Kuaiji region,which became an important part of the southern Eremitic Tradition.The beautiful mountains and rivers in Kuaiji not only provided a comfortable environment for life,but also provided a creative space for their literary writing and aesthetical imagination.The southern hermits portrayed and reshaped the mountains and rivers with poetry and prose,which endowed the nature with spiritual meaning and stimulated the visits and trips of later literati.Finally,the southern mountains and rivers formed their own humanistic tradition.