方诸仪式“取水于月”的叙事母题及文化意蕴

The Narrative Motif and Cultural Implication of the Fangzhu Ritual of“Taking Water from the Moon”

方诸仪式在流传与变异中保存着“取水于月”的叙事母题,“承水”和“向月”两大核心要素确保了方诸故事的稳定传承。方诸所取之“明水”具有洗涤黍稷以明圭洁之性、涚酒配齐以示淳朴之德以及祼享降神以求神祇之佑的礼仪功能,而向月取水的仪式则揭示了古人以化育生命、历象授时为根源的月神崇拜,以主客互渗、同类交感为核心的原始思维和以阴阳交汇、五行相生为基础的宇宙观念,对理解古人的精神世界和传承中华礼乐文明具有深远意义。

The ritual of Fangzhu retains the narrative theme of“taking water from the moon”in its transmission and variation,and the two core elements of“carrying water”and“facing the moon”ensure the stable inheritance of Fangzhu’s stories.The“Mingshui”(literally meaning clear water)taken by Fang Zhu carries the ritual functions of washing millet and grains to clarify their purity,mixing wine to show the simplicity of virtue,and enjoying the ritual of descending of spirit to seek the blessing of the gods.The ritual of taking water from the moon reveals the ancient worship of the moon god based on the cultivation of life and the timing of the calendar,the primitive thinking centered on the infiltration of subject and object,and the empathy of the same kind,and the cosmological concept based on the intersection of Yin and Yang,and the generation of the five elements,which has profound significance for understanding the spiritual world of ancient people and inheriting the civilization of Chinese etiquette and music.