我国破产简易程序的法理、需求与立法构建——以《企业破产法》的修订为视角

The Legal Principles,Needs,and Legislative Construction of China's Bankruptcy Summary Procedure:From the Perspective of the Revision of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law

破产简易程序具有降低成本、促进案件审理繁简分流的重要价值,国外对此的立法经验与司法实践已颇为丰富,且我国现有民事诉讼程序的立法原理与基本原则能够为构建破产简易程序提供上位法参考依据。现行破产法未能很好平衡法律制度供给与现实需求之间的矛盾,破产程序启动和运行成本高,导致完整的破产法功能难以充分实现。因此,应以《企业破产法》即将修订为契机,尽快完善《企业破产法》的制度设计,调整破产简易程序的适用范围与启动方式,进一步优化破产简易案件的审理流程,发挥重整与和解在实现破产法挽救功能等方面的作用,同时完善相应的监督救济机制,这些是化解企业“破产难”“破产繁”“破产烦”的有效途径。

The summary bankruptcy procedure has the advantage of reducing costs and facilitating the diversion of cases into simple and complex ones.This is based on the legislative experience and judicial practice in foreign countries,which have produced a substantial body of case law.The legislative principles and basic principles of the existing civil litigation procedures in China can provide a reference basis for the construction of the summary bankruptcy procedure.The existing bankruptcy law fails to reconcile the discrepancy between the legal framework and the actual demand,and the high cost of initiating and maintaining the bankruptcy process impedes the full realization of the bankruptcy law's potential.In light of the impending revision of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law,the system design of the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law must be enhanced without delay.This should entail amending the scope of the application and commencement of bankruptcy summary proceedings,as well as further optimizing the trial process of bankruptcy summary cases.Furthermore,it is essential to fully leverage the potential of reorganization and settlement in achieving the rescue function of the bankruptcy law.These approaches represent effective means of addressing the challenges associated with"bankruptcy difficulties","bankruptcy complications",and"bankruptcy perturbation"of enterprises.