欺骗型强奸案定性争议问题研究——基于2009—2023年相关判例的解读

Research on the Controversial Issues in the Characterization of Deceptive Rape Cases——Interpretation based on Relevant Jurisprudence from 2009 to 2023

对我国2009年至2023年网上已公布的欺骗型强奸案进行实证分析,发现对以封建迷信为手段、以冒充特定关系为手段、以假冒治病为手段、以利益诱骗为手段的欺骗型性交的定性仍存在较大争议。基于刑法教义学的立场,应以实质判断为基础,扩大以冒充特定关系为手段中“特定关系”的认定范围,宜以“最广义上的推定同意说”作为判断标准、拓宽以假冒治病为手段中推定同意的场景、摒弃意志自由判断的“唯主体论”标准,进而精准识别不同类型的欺骗型性交中的强迫性与欺骗性,合理界定欺骗型性交罪与非罪的界限。

An empirical analysis of deceptive rape cases published online in China from 2009 to 2023 reveals a great deal of controversy regarding the characterization of deceptive sexual intercourse,which includes cases of feudal superstition,posing as someone in a specific relationship,pretending to cure a disease,as well as offering inducements.From a perspective of criminal law,the scope of"specific relationship"in cases of impersonation should be expanded based on substantive judgment.The standard of judgment of"presumption of consent in the broadest sense"should be adopted and it should be used to broaden the scope of presumed consent in cases of impersonation related to disease cures,while abandoning the strict"subject-only"criterion of free will judgment so as to accurately identify coercion and deception in different types of deceptive sexual intercourse,and to reasonably define the boundaries between different crimes involving deception.