基于SRP理论框架的山东省生态脆弱性评价

Ecological vulnerability assessment of Shandong Province under the sensitivity-resilience-pressure (SRP) conceptual mode

本研究针对黄河下游山东省的生态脆弱性问题开展研究,以敏感性-恢复力-压力度(SRP)概念模型为框架构建了包含16个指标的山东省生态脆弱性评价指标体系,开展高空间分辨的区域生态脆弱性评价,并采用区间层次分析法进行指标权重赋值以体现决策者不确定性。结果表明:1)影响山东省生态脆弱性指数程度的要素从高到低排序依次是生态压力度、生态恢复力、生态敏感性;2)山东省的生态脆弱性空间分布上呈现中部及沿海高、西南低的态势;生态脆弱性以微度脆弱为主,约占全省总面积的66%;3)山东省16个市区中,济南、淄博、青岛的重度和极度脆弱区较多,尤其是青岛市极度脆弱区面积比例最高,约为5%,相比之下西部的聊城和德州市生态脆弱性程度低,其微度脆弱区面积比例最高;4)从生态脆弱性空间格局看,山东省生态脆弱性在空间上正相关,且呈现显著的高值聚集和低值聚集现象。本研究结果可为黄河经济带下游开展生态环境治理提供理论与实践支持。

This study focuses on the ecological vulnerability of Shandong Province in the lower reaches of Yellow River.Based on the ecological sensitivity-resilience-pressure(SRP)conceptual model,an ecological vulnerability assessment system including 16 indicators was developed for Shandong Province under a high spatial resolution.Interval analytic hierarchy process(IAHP)approach is used to assign index weights to reflect the uncertainty of decision makers.The results show that:1)Factors about ecological stress are the main sources influencing the ecological vulnerability index followed by ecological resilience and ecological sensitivity.2)The spatial distribution of ecological vulnerability in the study area is higher in the central and coastal areas but lower in the southwest.The ecological vulnerability is slight,accounting for 66%of the total area.3)Among the 16 urban areas in Shandong Province,Jinan,Zibo and Qingdao have more heavy and very extremely vulnerable areas.In particular,Qingdao has the highest proportion of extremely vulnerable areas(about 5%).By contrast,Liaocheng and Dezhou in the west have the lowest degree of ecological vulnerability and the highest proportion of slight vulnerable areas.4)From the spatial pattern of ecological vulnerability,the spatial correlation of ecological vulnerability shows an obviously positive relationship,and the significant high value clustering and low value clustering.The results of this study will provide theoretical and practical support for ecological and environmental governance in the lower reaches of the Yellow River Economic Belt.