承德市城市社区老年人健康老龄化测度及影响因素分析

Analysis on the Status and Influencing Factors of Healthy Aging among Community Elderly in Chengde

目的:评估河北省承德市城市社区老年人健康老龄化水平并分析其相关影响因素,为经济欠发达城市完善健康老龄化政策,推进健康老龄化建设提供参考。方法:采用便利抽样,利用一般资料调查问卷、健康老龄化量表、老化期望量表、家庭关怀度指数问卷对选取的承德市450名城市社区老年人进行横断面调查。结果:承德市城市社区老年人健康老龄化总分为(119.22±23.78)分,“拥有社会关系及支持”维度条目均分最高,为(3.75±0.91)分;“社交参与”维度条目均分最低,为(2.94±1.17)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,年龄、有无配偶、参与户外锻炼、老化期望、家庭关怀度是社区老年人健康老龄化的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:承德市城市社区老年人健康老龄化处于中等偏上水平,且受经常参与户外锻炼、老化期望、家庭关怀度等因素的影响,未来可主要从个人自身和家庭功能两大方面着手,采取有针对性的措施,持续推进健康老龄化建设。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the level of healthy aging among community elderly in Chengde and analyze its related in⁃fluencing factors,provide theoretical references for improving the healthy aging policies of underdeveloped cities.METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted on 450 community elderly by the convenience sampling method using the general material ques⁃tionnaire,healthy aging instrument,aging expectation scale,and APGAR,the SPSS25.0 was used to deal with the data.RE⁃SULTS The total score of healthy aging of community elderly in Chengde was(119.22±23.78),among which the average score of social relationship and support dimension was the highest(3.75±0.91),while which the average score of social participation dimen⁃sion was lowest(2.94±1.17).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,spousal status,regular participation in out⁃door exercise,aging expectations,and family care were the influencing factors of healthy aging among the community elderly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The healthy aging of the community elderly in Chengde is at the upper middle level,and affected by regular participation in outdoor exercise,aging expectation,family care.In the future,targeted measures should be taken mainly from two aspects,personal and family functions,to promote healthy aging.