2011—2020年广州市海珠区围产儿出生缺陷监测结果分析

Analysis on the Monitoring Results of Perinatal Birth Defect in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2011 to 2020

目的:分析2011—2020年广州市海珠区围产儿出生缺陷情况,为科学制定出生缺陷综合防控政策提供依据。方法:收集2011—2020年海珠区出生缺陷医院监测数据,对出生缺陷情况进行统计分析。结果:2011—2020年海珠区平均出生缺陷发生率为159.17/万(2792/175411),10年间呈上升趋势(H=162.437,P<0.05);前5位出生缺陷病种分别为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、耳部畸形、唇腭裂、并指(趾);35岁及以上高龄产妇所生缺陷儿发生率为195.57/万,母亲年龄越大缺陷发生率越高(H=105.043,P<0.05);男性缺陷发生率(171.80/万)高于女性(137.01/万),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.447,P<0.05)。结论:2011—2020年海珠区出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势,建议重视出生缺陷综合防控政策,规范产前筛查与诊断,应重点关注高龄孕产妇的孕期保健。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the birth defects of perinatal infants in Haizhu District,Guangzhou from 2011 to 2020,and to provide a basis for scientific formulation of comprehensive prevention and control policies of birth defects.METHODS Hospital surveillance data of birth defects in Haizhu District from 2011 to 2020 were collected,chi-square test or rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS The average incidence of birth defects in Haizhu District from 2011 to 2020 was 159.17/104(2792/175411),which showed an increasing trend during the decade(H=162.437,P<0.05).The top five types of birth defects were congenital heart disease,polydactyly(toe),ear deformity,cleft lip and palate,and syndactyly(toe).The incidence of defects in 35 and older mothers was 195.57 per 104,and the older the mother was,the higher the incidence of defects was(H=105.043,P<0.05).The incidence of defects in males(171.80/104)was higher than that in females(137.01/104),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=34.447,P<0.05).CONCLUSION The incidence of birth defects have been increasing in Haizhu District from 2011 to 2020.It is suggested to attach importance to the comprehensive prevention and control policy of birth defects,standardize prenatal screening and diagnosis,and pay special attention to the prenatal health care of elderly pregnant women.