某大型露天铁矿企业存量采矿用地复垦修复及再利用探索

Exploration of Reclamation,Restoration and Reuse of Existing Mining Land for a Large Open-Pit Iron Mine Enterprise

老矿山企业普遍存在新增建设用地指标获取困难、存量采矿用地再利用率低的问题,将存量采矿用地复垦修复为耕地实现再利用,不仅使矿区生态环境得到修复,还可取得腾退指标,支撑企业可持续发展。以某大型露天铁矿企业为例,研究分析了矿区复垦修复存在问题,通过实施回填工程、排水疏干工程、石方回填防沉降工程、阻隔层建设工程等治理措施完成矿坑回填整治,通过将拟损毁耕地剥离的表土直接用于存量采矿用地复垦,配套建设灌溉排水、道路等设施并对土壤进行培肥,将存量采矿用地复垦为耕地,经济、社会和环境效益显著,可为后续其他类似矿山复垦修复及再利用提供参考。

Old mining enterprises generally have problems such as difficulties in obtaining new construction land indicators and low reclamation rates of existing mining land.Reclaiming and restoring existing mining land into ar‐able land for reuse not only restores the ecological environment of the mining area,but also achieves retirement in‐dicators,supporting the sustainable development of enterprises.This article takes a large open-pit iron mine enter‐prise as an example to study and analyze the problems in the reclamation and restoration of the mining area.Through the implementation of governance measures such as"backfilling engineering,drainage and drainage engi‐neering,stone backfilling and anti settlement engineering,and barrier layer construction engineering",the backfilling and rectification of the mining pit is completed.By directly using the topsoil removed from the planned damaged farmland for the reclamation of existing mining land,and to build irrigation and drainage facilities,roads,and other facilities and fertilize the soil.Reclamation of existing mining land into farmland can achieve good economic,social,and environmental benefits,providing reference for the subsequent restoration and reuse of similar mines.