陈湛心学的流变与明清哲学的转折——兼论中国早期启蒙思潮的滥觞

The evolution of Chen Zhan’s thought theory and the transformation of Ming-Qing Philosophy——On the origin of early enlightenment thought in China

陈湛心学的流变并非如《明儒学案》所示合流于阳明心学一种去向。陈湛心学与阳明、程朱、关中、东林、蕺山、南园等学派紧密互联,呈现出流变的多向性。而其趋向,则是走向以朴素唯物主义为体、以自然人性论和实学为两翼的早期启蒙思潮。陈湛心学是中国早期启蒙思潮的主力军之一,其流变的态势与明清哲学的转折高度耦合,早期启蒙思潮兴起的线索由此清晰可见。

The evolution of Chen Zhan’s school of thought is not confined to a single direction of merging with Wang Yangming’s school of thought as indicated in“Ming Ru Xue An”(Cases of Ming Confucians).Chen Zhan’s school of thought is closely interconnected with various schools such as Wang Yangmings’,Cheng Zhus’,Guanzhongs’,Donglins’,Jishans’,and Nanyuans’,displaying a multidirectional transformation.Its trend is moving towards an early enlightenment thought,with naive materialism as its core and theories of natural human nature and practical learning as its two wings.Chen Zhan’s school of thought is one of the main forces of China’s early enlightenment thought.The pattern of its evolution is highly coupled with the turning point of Ming-Qing philosophy,clearly revealing the clues to the rise of early enlightenment thought.