高密度城区滨水空间生态服务能力评价

Evaluation of Ecological Service Capacity of Waterfront Space in High-density Urban Areas

城市滨水空间对于维护高密度城区的生态稳定具有重要意义。针对当前滨水空间生态服务能力评价中忽视居民感知的问题,以广州市越秀区作为研究区域,运用空间句法模型、Fragstats、SolVES模型等提取空间可达性、景观生态质量、居民感知等数据,通过双变量分析法筛选出与居民感知数据高度相关的变量,构建了基于居民感知的生态服务回归评价模型,并耦合年度植被加权模型对生态服务能力进行了综合评价与分析。结果表明:①利用基于居民满意度指数的回归方程筛选出的最优变量组合所建立的生态服务模型,能够反映出滨水空间生态要素供给和居民感知服务能力;②越秀区滨水空间生态服务能力等级呈现出南高北低的空间异质性特点;③耦合年度植被加权的综合服务等级从加权前的南高北低分布转变为中北高南部低分布,高低值的分布区域发生了显著变化。上述结果可为广州市城市更新规划、滨水空间的规划选址与改善提供依据,有助于提升滨水空间的生态宜居服务能力。

Urban waterfront spaces are of great significance for maintaining ecological stability in high-density urban areas.In the current evaluation of the ecological service capacity of waterfront spaces,the issue of residents′perception is ignored.Taking Yuexiu District in Guangzhou as the research area,spatial syntactic models,Fragstats,SolVES models,and other methods are used to extract data on spatial accessibility,landscape ecological quality,and residents′perception.A bivariate analysis method was used to select variables highly correlated with residents′perception data,and a regression evaluation model for ecological perception services based on residents′perception was constructed.The coupling annual vegetation weighted model was used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze ecological service capacity.The results are as follows.Firstly,the optimal variable combination selected based on the regression equation of resident satisfaction index.The ecological service model established based on this combination can reflect the supply of ecological elements in waterfront spaces and residents′perception service capabilities.Secondly,the ecological perception service capacity level of the waterfront space in Yuexiu District shows spatial heterogeneity characteristics of high in the south and low in the north.Thirdly,the comprehensive service level weighted by annual vegetation coupling has shifted from a distribution of high in the south and low in the north before weighting to a distribution of high in the north,central,and low in the south.The distribution area of high and low values has changed significantly.The above results can provide a basis for urban renewal planning and waterfront space planning,site selection and improvement of Guangzhou City,and help to further improve the ecological livable service capacity of waterfront space in the future.