吸光发热涤纶的性能研究

Characteristics of light-absorbing heat-emitting polyester fibers

采用扫描电镜法、傅里叶红外光谱法、差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射法、纤维强伸度测试法及紫外可见近红外光谱法,研究吸光发热涤纶和普通涤纶的表面形态、特征结构和官能团、热学性能、晶体结构、力学性能及吸光性能,探究两者性能上的差异。结果表明:2种纤维纵向形态一致,只是吸光发热涤纶纤维表面有细小颗粒附着;与普通涤纶相比,吸光发热涤纶结晶度减小,熔融温度、断裂强度及初始模量略低,断裂伸长率稍高;吸光发热涤纶在全光谱波段具有更优良的吸光能力。

The surface morphology,characteristic structure and functional groups,thermal properties,crystal structure,mechanical properties and light absorption properties of light-absorbing heat-emitting polyester fibers and ordinary polyester fibers were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,X-ray diffraction,fiber strength elongation test and UV-vision-near-infrared spectroscopy,and the performance difference between the two was analyzed.The results showed that the longitudinal morphology of two kinds of fibers was the same,but there were fine particles attached onto the surface of the light-absorbing heat-emitting polyester fibers.Compared with the ordinary polyester fibers,the crystallinity of light-absorbing heat-emitting polyester fibers decreased,the melting temperature,breaking strength and initial modulus were slightly lower,and the elongation at break was slightly higher.The light-absorbing heat-emitting polyester fibers had better absorbent ability in the full spectrum band.