试验模型与空间分析在木麻黄优良家系选育中的应用

Application of Experimental Models and Spatial Analysis in the Breeding of Excellent Families of Casuarina equisetifolia

2023年8月,在福建省惠安赤湖国有防护林场,以木麻黄基因资源库中从澳大利亚林木种子中心引进的10个国家23个种源109个家系的10年生短枝木麻黄作为材料,利用ASReml软件混合线性模型和BLUP方法,对比不同试验模型与空间分析对林木遗传效应的影响,根据最优模型估算的育种值选择优良家系。结果表明:7个模型中AR1 RepFam模型AIC值最小,为最优模型。空间分析与非空间分析相比,树高加性方差降低0.42%,残差方差降低16.52%,单株遗传力降低18.87%;胸径加性方差提高174.00%,残差方差降低9.29%,单株遗传力降低20.00%;材积加性方差提高559.26%,残差方差降低42.56%,单株遗传力降低25.00%;冠幅加性方差提高8.10%,残差方差降低56.76%,单株遗传力降低27.16%。以材积育种值正序排列、入选率15%为标准,筛选出17个速生优良家系,其树高、胸径、材积、冠幅的遗传增益为12.57%、29.39%、65.64%、30.00%,可用于推广种植。

Using the 10 years old short branch Casuarina equisetifolia gene resource library from 109 families and 23 species sources of 10 countries introduced by the Australian Forest Seed Center as materials,ASReml software was used to mix linear models and BLUP methods to compare the effects of different experimental models and spatial analysis on the genetic effects of trees.Based on the breeding values estimated by the optimal model,excellent families were selected.The results indicate that AR1 RepFam of 7 models has the smallest AIC value and is the optimal model.Compared with non spatial analysis,spatial analysis showed 0.42%reduction in tree height additive variance,16.52%reduction in residual variance,and 18.87%reduction in individual plant heritability;the additive variance of breast diameter increased by 174.00%,the residual variance decreased by 9.29%,and the heritability per plant decreased by 20.00%;the additive variance of volume increased by 559.26%,the residual variance decreased by 42.56%,and the heritability per plant decreased by 25.00%;the additive variance of crown width increased by 8.10%,the residual variance decreased by 56.76%,and the heritability per plant decreased by 27.16%.17 fast-growing excellent families were selected based on the positive order of volume breeding values and a selection rate of 15%.The genetic gain percentages obtained for tree height,diameter at breast height,volume,and crown width were 12.57%,29.39%,65.64%and 30.00%,respectively.These excellent families of Casuarina equisetifolia can be used for promotion and planting.