深圳市城市道路坍塌风险评估标准及方法初探

Preliminary Exploration of Risk Assessment Standards and Methods for Urban Road Collapse

近几年许多大城市经常发生城市道路坍塌事故,给人民的生命财产带来极大危害。目前各大城市对于地面坍塌隐患排查都是采用三维探地雷达、QV和CCTV等技术,对城市所有道路进行全覆盖地面坍塌隐患和排水管道隐患检测普查工作。本文在总结深圳市道路坍塌成因机理的研究成果基础上,提出了道路地面坍塌事故风险评估标准。根据评估标准对城市道路进行坍塌事故发生可能性及坍塌事故后果严重性进行等级评价,最后采用风险矩阵法按分值从高到低将道路地面坍塌事故进行风险等级评价。并结合深圳市罗湖区地面坍塌相关的工程案例,将罗湖区295条道路按风险等级划分为重大风险、较大风险、一般风险和低风险4个级别。本研究探索了城市道路地面坍塌风险评估标准及方法的新途径,避免城市道路地面坍塌隐患检测工作的盲目性,节约道路坍塌隐患检测费用,为深圳市地面坍塌风险管理与防灾减灾规划提供了技术依据。

In recent years,many large cities have frequently experienced urban road collapse accidents,which have brought great harm to people's lives and property.At present,major cities use technologies such as 3D ground penetrating radar,QV,and CCTV to detect and survey the hidden dangers of ground collapse and drainage pipeline hazards on all roads in the city.On the basis of summarizing the re‐search results on the causes and mechanisms of urban road collapse,proposes a risk assessment standard for road surface collapse accidents.According to the evaluation criteria,evaluate the likelihood and severity of collapse accidents on urban roads,and finally use the risk matrix method to evaluate the risk level of road surface collapse accidents from high to low based on their scores.Combined with engineering cases related to ground collapse in Luohu District,Shenzhen City,295 roads in Luohu District are classified into four levels of risk:major risk,major risk,general risk,and low risk.This study explores a new approach to the risk assessment standards and methods for urban road sur‐face collapse,avoiding the blindness of detecting hidden dangers in urban road surface collapse,saving road collapse detection costs,and providing technical basis for Shenzhen's ground collapse risk management and disaster prevention and reduction planning.