细菌在反渗透膜生物污染中的作用及防控研究进展

The Role of Bacteria in Reverse Osmosis Membrane Biofouling and the Progress of Prevention and Control Research

海水反渗透膜的生物污染是海水淡化行业面临的一个世界性难题。查阅近年国内外关于海水淡化系统反渗透膜生物污染的文献以及其他相关资料,对海水淡化系统RO膜上优势细菌群落组成及胞外聚合物在膜生物污染中的作用进行了总结,讨论了与膜污染有关的耐氯菌种并简述了以预处理为主的常见防控方法和使用群体抑制酶为主的生物防治新方法。为解决耐氯菌生物膜难以被杀菌剂去除、处理成本较高等问题,提出未来应针对耐氯菌及其他胞外聚合物分泌能力强的微生物等开展研究,并结合预处理、化学清洗和生物控制等方法设计因地制宜的全面防控方案。

Biological contamination of seawater reverse osmosis(SWRO)membranes is a worldwide problem faced by the desalination industry.After reviewing the literature on the biological contamination of reverse osmosis membranes in seawater desalination systems at home and abroad in recent years as well as other relevant data,we summarized the composition of the dominant bacterial communities on RO membranes in seawater desalination systems and the role of extracellular polymers in membrane biological contamination,discussed the chlorine-resistant bacterial species related to membrane contamination,and briefly described the common prevention and control methods based on pretreatment and a new biological control method based on the use of quorum quenching enzymes were discussed.In order to solve the problems of difficult removal of chlorineresistant biofilms by biocides and high treatment cost,it is proposed that future research should be conducted on chlorine-resistant bacteria and other microorganisms with high secretion ability of extracellular polymers,and comprehensive prevention and control programs should be designed according to local conditions by combining pre-treatment,chemical cleaning,and biocontrol methods.