河南太行山猕猴的种群数量与分布现状

Populations and Their Distribution of Taihangshan Macaques(Macaca Mulatta Tcheliensis),Henan Province,China

种群生态学关注研究生物种群的数量如何随时间和空间变化以及这些变化的调节机制。其中,种群动态是该领域研究的核心内容。猕猴(Macaca mulatta)是全球分布最广的灵长类动物之一。特别是太行山猕猴(M.m.tcheliensis),其野生种群主要分布在太行山的南端地区,这一区域位于世界猕猴地理分布的北缘。通过样线调查、定点观察和红外相机技术等多种方法,对太行山猕猴国家级自然保护区内的济源、焦作和新乡(包括辉县)地区的太行山猕猴种群数量及其分布现状进行了详细调查。调查结果显示,河南太行山猕猴国家级自然保护区内的太行山猕猴野生种群估计有3000~3300只,主要集中在济源地区的太行山区,且种群数量正在增长。

Population ecology focuses on the temporal and spatial variation and its regulation of biological populations,with population dynamics serving as a core topic.The Rhesus macaque(Macaca mulatta)is believed to be the most widely distributed non-human primate worldwide.Currently,the field population of Taihangshan macaque(M.m.tcheliensis)occurs in the southern part of Mt.Taihangshan area,which is close to the northernmost region of the geographical distribution of rhesus macaques in the world.In the Taihangshan Macaque National Nature Reserve(TMNNR),we conducted a field survey for the Taihangshan macaques inhabiting mountainous areas of Jiyuan,Jiaozuo,and Xinxiang using transect method,field observation,and infrared camera techniques.Our results show that about 3000~3300 individuals of Taihangshan macaques occur in the TMNNR,Henan province,China,with the majority distributed in the Jiyuan area.Since the early 1980s,the population size of Taihangshan macaques has been increasing continuously.Based on our study's results,we suggest implementing a Unified Protection Strategy for effective conservation of Taihangshan macaques in the future.