党委统领合作社:共同富裕目标下集体经济发展的模式创新——基于贵州鸭池镇“两包一干”的经验诠释

Party-led Cooperatives:A Study on the Model of Collective Economic Development under the Goal of Common Prosperity—Based on the Case of“Two Packages and One Responsibility”in Yachi Town

党委统领合作社模式是推进乡村共同富裕和农业合作化进程的有益尝试,揭示了未来农村集体经济发展的可能路向。基于可持续生计分析框架,结合鸭池镇“两包一干”的实践经验,对该模式的出场情境、实践历程和运作机理进行剖析。集体经济升级转型困难、村际发展失衡及治理效能低下形塑了党委统领合作社的出场逻辑。在具体实践中,乡镇党委通过整合资金、技术和人力等资源要素有效深化了合作社的生计资本,依托党建引领推动村社组织再造和主体利益联结,进而形塑乡村治理共同体和利益共同体,并通过统筹市场开发降低合作社分散交易的制度成本和生计脆弱性,显著提升了合作社的生计输出。立足共同富裕的远景目标,地方政府应摆脱资源输入的路径依赖,以提升集体经济组织的生计能力为政策导向,加快构建整体性政策帮扶体系,同时以跨村联营为着力点,建立更高水平的合作化发展,在这一过程中,要坚持党的领导,将农民组织起来,引领全体农民在共建共治共享中迈向共同富裕。

Party-led cooperatives represent a promising approach to advance the process of shared prosperity and agricultural collaboration,indicating a potential direction for the future development of rural collective economies.Utilizing the sustainable livelihoods analysis framework,and drawing on the practical experience of the“two packages and one responsibility”model in Yachi Town,this paper examines the emergence,practical process,and operational mechanism of this model.The research reveals that challenges in transforming the collective economy,uneven development between villages,and low governance efficiency collectively drive the logic behind the establishment of Party Committee-led cooperatives.In practice,the township Party Committee effectively enhances the livelihood capital of cooperatives by integrating financial,technological,and human resources.It promotes the restructuring of village organizations and the alignment of core interests through Party-building leadership,thereby fostering rural governance and interest communities.By adopting a comprehensive market development strategy,the cooperatives reduce institutional costs and livelihood vulnerabilities,significantly improving their livelihood outcomes.With the long-term goal of common prosperity in mind,local governments should break away from the reliance on resource input,focusing instead on enhancing the livelihood capabilities and levels of collective economic organizations as policy guidance.They should accelerate the establishment of a comprehensive policy support system and prioritize cross-village cooperative operations to achieve a higher level of cooperative development.Throughout this process,it is essential to uphold the Party's leadership in organizing farmers,guiding all farmers towards shared prosperity through joint construction,governance,and sharing.