农村数字化转型能否促进农业部门的经济增长?——政治经济学生产力系统视角的讨论

Rural Digital Transformation and Agricultural Growth:A Political Economy Productivity Systems-based Perspective

本文从政治经济学语境中的生产力系统出发,研究农村的数字化转型对农业部门经济增长和效率提升的促进效应。利用2007—2020年的省级面板数据,运用个体和时间双向固定效应模型,分析了农村数字化转型对农业部门的经济增长和效率提升的促进作用,并从农业生产力系统角度讨论了其作用机制。研究发现,农村数字化转型通过改善农业发展的外部环境推动了农业经济增长和生产率的提高,如农村基础设施的改善和信息化传递水平的提高,通过改善农业参与者之间的协调机制等直接渗透效应影响了农业经济发展。进一步地,通过中介效应分析发现,农村数字化转型影响了农业生产中的生产力系统诸要素,即改变了农业生产力系统中的劳动工具(机械化水平)、劳动对象(农业种植结构)和劳动者(人力资本水平),从而对农业部门的产出效益与生产效率的提升形成促进效应。

Starting from the productivity system in the context of political economy,this paper studies the promoting effect of rural digital transformation on the economic growth and efficiency improvement of the agricultural sector.The study found that rural digital transformation promoted agricultural growth and productivity improvement by directly improving the external environment of agricultural development,such as improving rural infrastructure,information transmission level,and then improving the coordination mechanism among agricultural participants.Further,through the intermediary effect analysis,it is found that the rural digital transformation has affected the factors of the productivity system in agricultural production,that is,it has changed the labor tools(mechanization level),labor objects(agricultural planting structure)and laborers(human capital level)in the agricultural productivity system,and thus has a promoting effect on the output growth and production efficiency improvement of the agricultural sector.Using provincial panel data from 2007 to 2020,this paper analyzes the contribution of rural digital transformation to the economic growth and efficiency improvement of the agricultural sector by using the individual and temporal bidirectional fixed effects model,and discusses its mechanism from the perspective of agricultural productivity system.