S-诱抗素对杂交稻产量及品质的影响

S-ABA Affects Yield and Quality of Hybrid Rice

为探寻提高杂交稻产量和品质的栽培调控措施,对甬优4949、玮两优8612和乔两优17开展早、晚稻栽培试验,研究S-诱抗素对其产量及品质的影响。结果表明:S-诱抗素提高了各品种齐穗期SPAD值、光合参数及齐穗、成熟期干物质生产能力。各品种S-诱抗素处理的有效穗数、每穗粒数、结实率及千粒重等产量构成因子均有提高,增产7.8%~11.1%,乔两优17的增产效果更显著。S-诱抗素提高了各品种加工品质中的糙米率、整精米率及蒸煮品质中的碱消值、胶稠度,同时降低了外观品质中的垩白度、垩白粒率及蒸煮品质中的直链淀粉含量。早稻季各品种S-诱抗素处理的整精米率、垩白度、垩白粒率及碱消值与对照相比达到显著差异,S-诱抗素对早稻品质的改善效果优于晚稻。综合结果表明,施用S-诱抗素能够有效提高杂交稻的产量和品质。

To explore the cultivation measures for improving the yield and quality of hybrid rice,we carried out early and late rice cultivation to study the effects of S-ABA on the yields and quality of'Yongyou 4949','Weiliangyou 8612',and'Qiaoliangyou 17'.The results showed that S-ABA increased the SPAD value and photosynthetic parameters during the heading stage,and dry matter accumulation during the heading and maturity stages of different rice cultivars.By comprehensively improving yield components such as effective panicle number,grains per panicle,seed setting rate,and thousand grain weight,S-ABA increased the rice yield by 7.8%to 11.1%,especially for the rice cultivar'Qiaoliangyou 17'.In addition,S-ABA increased the brown rice rate and head rice rate in processing quality as well as the alkali digestion value and gel consistency in the cooking quality.At the same time,it reduced the chalkiness degree and chalky grain percentage in the appearance quality and the amylose content in the cooking quality.The head rice rate,chalkiness degree,chalky grain percentage,and alkali digestion value of early rice cultivars treated with S-ABA showed significant differences compared with those of the control.S-ABA demonstrated stronger improvement effect on the quality of early rice than on that of late rice.Comprehensively,the results indicate that the application of S-ABA is a cultivation measure that can improve both the yield and quality of hybrid rice.