木质林产品碳足迹核算方法研究进展

Research Progress in Carbon Footprint Calculation Methods for Wooden Products

木质林产品是以木材为主要原材料加工而成的产品。木质林产品的碳足迹是指产品系统内温室气体排放量之和,开展产品碳足迹核算是实施产品减排和打破碳关税的必然要求。现有的木质林产品碳足迹研究往往聚焦于碳足迹实证数据核算,而对其核算方法尚未进行系统梳理。文中在梳理碳足迹核算方法的基础上,着重分析了“摇篮到大门”和“摇篮到坟墓”2个系统边界下木质林产品碳足迹的研究,对未来的木质林产品碳足迹核算提出3点建议:(1)在遵循ISO14067和PAS 2050碳足迹核算标准的基础上,结合木质林产品的碳储特性,将碳储量纳入木质林产品的碳足迹研究中;(2)对原材料和产品生产子系统开展更细致深入的研究,将研究单元细化,尽可能多地获取实景数据,积累并建立符合我国原材料、设备及工艺特点的碳排放数据库;(3)以“摇篮到坟墓”为系统边界开展木质林产品碳足迹研究,综合考虑加工损耗、使用、处置和回收等参数,构建木质林产品全生命周期碳储量计量模型,核算木质林产品的碳储量对其全生命周期碳足迹的贡献。

Wooden products are products processed with wood as the main materials,and the carbon footprint of wooden product is the total greenhouse gas emissions from the product system.Conducting product carbon footprint accounting is an inevitable step to reduce product emission and break through the carbon duty.The existing research on the carbon footprint of wooden products often focuses on empirical accounting for carbon footprint,and in-depth analysis of carbon footprint accounting methods is yet to be studied.On the basis of summarizing the calculation methods of carbon footprint,this paper analyzes the carbon footprint of wooden products under the two system boundaries of“cradle to gate”and“cradle to grave”.Aiming at carbon footprint calculation in the future,three suggestions are proposed:(1)Integrating carbon storage into the research on carbon footprint of wooden products on the basis of complying with the ISO 14067 and PAS 2050 on carbon footprint accounting standards and in view of the carbon storage characteristics of wooden products;(2)Carrying out the in-depth research on the raw material and production subsystems of products and refining the research units,to obtain and accumulate as much real-life data as possible,and establish the database of carbon emissions that conforms to the characteristics of raw materials,equipment,and processes in China;and(3)Conducting the study of the carbon footprint of wooden products based on“cradle to grave”system boundary,and building a carbon storage measurement model for the entire life cycle of wooden products by comprehensively considering parameters such as processing loss,use,disposal,and recovery,so as to calculate the contribution of carbon storage of wooden products to the carbon footprint throughout the entirelifecycle.