羊肉中腐败菌的分离鉴定及致腐能力研究

Isolation and Identification of Spoilage Bacteria in Lamb and Their Spoilage Ability

为筛选腐败能力强的菌株,本研究从托盘和真空包装羊肉4℃贮藏期间的均质液中分离腐败菌并对其进行鉴定,利用羊肉汁、脱脂牛奶和三丁酸甘油酯3种培养基评估分离菌株在体外对羊肉、蛋白质和脂质的降解能力,从而确定目标菌株并进一步分析其耐药基因图谱。结果表明,托盘包装中共纯化出191株菌株,主要菌属包括假单胞菌、不动杆菌和寡养单胞菌;真空包装中共纯化出72株菌株,主要菌属包括乳杆菌、乳球菌、肉杆菌、沙雷氏菌和哈夫尼亚菌。根据体外腐败能力测定结果,从每种包装中确定3株菌株作为后续研究的目标菌株,并根据基因组相似性计算结果确定种名,托盘包装中的目标菌株为MN10(副乳假单胞菌)、MN21(不动杆菌新菌种)和EF8(嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌),真空包装中的目标菌株为VMR17(清酒乳杆菌)、VF12(变形斑沙雷氏菌)和VE13(变形哈夫尼亚菌)。耐药性基因结果表明,含量较高的抗生素基因为大环内酯类抗生素、四环素类抗生素、氟喹诺酮抗生素、吖啶染料、亚胺培南类抗生素和氨基糖苷类抗生素。该研究为后续生鲜肉的靶向抑菌和腐败菌的腐败机理探究提供了研究基础。

To screen for strains with strong spoilage ability,the spoilage bacteria was isolated from homogenate of tray-and vacuum-packaged lamb stored at 4℃.The strain’s ability to degrade lamb protein and lipids were determined using the lamb juice,skim milk and tributyrin culture media.Then the drug resistance genes profile was analyzed.The results showed that a total of 191 strains of bacteria were purified from tray-packaged lamb.The main genera were Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter,and Stenotrophomonas.A total of 72 strains of bacteria were purified from vacuum packaging,and the main genera were Latilactobacillus,Lactococcus,Carnobacterium,Serratia and Hafnia.Based on the results of the in vitro spoilage ability,three target strains for subsequent studies were identified from each package,and their species names were determined based on genomic similarity calculations.The target strains for the tray-packaged lamb were MN10(Pseudomonas paralatics),MN21(new species of Acinetobacter)and EF8(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia),and the target strains for vacuum-packaged lamb were VMR17(Latilactobacillus sakei),VF12(Serratia proteamaculans)and VE13(Hafnia proteus).The drug resistance gene sresult showed that the highly abundant antibiotic genes were those resistant to macrolides,tetracyclines,fluoroquinolones,acridine dyes,imipenem,and aminoglycosides.This study can provide a foundation for subsequent targeted-bacteriostasis and the exploration of the spoilage mechanisms of spoilage bacteria.