无家的哲学与想家的儒学

The Philosophy of Homelessness and the Con fucianism of Homesickness

“家哲学”是近年来汉语学界一个非常重要的议题。张祥龙批评西方文明的无家及其对现代中国的影响,提出以恢复儒“家”为救赎思路。海德格尔与奥托对于人之奇异的解释表明,哲学与信仰在其原本意义上的确无家。张祥龙视海德格尔为儒“家”复兴的重要对话者,其实,海德格尔的此在哲学在旨趣上与儒“家”思想相互迥异甚至矛盾。儒“家”的当代复兴总体上长于理论、伦理和情感的温暖化,短于社会制度和经济分析,对“家”之差序结构、制度压抑与代际矛盾问题缺乏足够关注。弗洛伊德的精神分析提供了一个相反的角度,从另一端分析了父亲地位与家庭制度的社会规范和文明压抑功能。

"Family philosophy"has been a very important topic in Chinese studies in recent years.Zhang Xianglong criticized the"homelessness"of Western civilization and its influence on modern China,and proposed the idea of restoring the Confucian"family"as a salvation idea.Heidegger and Rudolf Otto's explanation of the weirdness of human shows that philosophy and belief are indeed homeless in their original sense.Zhang Xianglong regarded Heidegger as an important interlocutor in the revival of the Confucian"family,"but in fact,Heidegger's philosophy is very different from or even contradictory to Confucian"family"thought in terms of purpose.On the whole,the contemporary revival of the Confucian"family"lacks sufficient attention to the differential order structure,institutional repression and intergenerational contradiction of the"family."Freud's psychoanalysis provides an opposing perspective,analyzing the social norms and civilizational repressive functions of paternal status and the family system from the other end.