物化、规训与反抗——《白牙》中的女性身体书写

Objectification,Discipline and Resistance:The Female Body Writing in White Teeth

扎迪·史密斯是当代英国文坛最重要的作家之一,处女作《白牙》探讨跨文化语境下黑人女性移民的流散困境。本文结合身体书写相关重要理论,从身体物化、身体规训、身体反抗三个方面分析《白牙》中的黑人女性身体书写。在白人男性主导的社会中,黑人女性身体逐渐沦为物化、规训的客体;而为了走出双重压迫的“他者”困境,黑人女性开始利用她们的身体对性别压迫和种族歧视进行无声的反抗。史密斯通过身体叙事揭示黑人女性流散者的精神困境及突围,并以此鼓励黑人女性掌握身体主动权,保持精神独立性,重构流散文化身份。

Zadie Smith is one of the most important writers in contemporary British literature,and her debut novel White Teeth explores the dilemma of the diasporic culture of black female migrants in a cross-cultural context.With relevant theories on body narrative,this paper examines the writing of the black female body in White Teeth from three aspects:body objectification,body discipline,and body resistance.In a society dominated by white men,black women’s bodies are gradually reduced to objects that are disciplined.To get out of this dilemma of double oppression on“the Other,”black women begin to use their bodies to make silent resistance against gender oppression and racial discrimination.Through body narratives,Smith reveals the spiritual dilemmas and breakthroughs of black women dispersed in Britain,and therefore encourages black women to take the initiative of their bodies,maintain their spiritual independence,and reconstruct their diasporic cultural identities.