明代出土玉带分期与演变特征研究

On the Ming-Dynasty Excavated Jade-Inlaid Belts in Periodization and Evolution

在明代冠服配玉中,玉带地位最为尊贵。明17朝中,已知有15朝墓葬出土了玉带,结合明代官修史书、礼书与私家笔记、小说等文献史料和其他视觉图像材料,可将明代玉带的发展演变历程划分为早、中、晚三期。在不同时期,玉带的艺术特征和使用状况均有差异,这不仅源于明代冠服礼制改革所产生的巨大影响,还与明代社会阶层流动、世风由俭入奢以及等级观念改变等息息相关。

Jade-inlaid belt of the jade accessories symbolizes the highest in the system of the Ming dynasty official costumes and crown or hats.There have been jade belts excavated in 15 out of 17 imperial tombs of the Ming dynasty.The combination of official documents,ritual books,private notes,novels and other visual materials together indicates that the Ming-Dynasty jade-inlaid belts went through three stages of early,middle and late in development,those of each period varied in artistic style and uses as the result of the significant impacts from the reforms of official uniform system,the mobility of social classes,the changes of the social manners tending from thrifty to luxury and the ideas on the levels of classes.