车用铝合金弯曲成形回弹行为研究进展

Research Progress on Springback Behavior of Bending and Forming of Aluminum Alloy for Vehicles

《中国制造2025》将轻量化列为众多关键行业发展的核心技术和共性技术,提高汽车轻量化能够有效节约油耗、减小排量、减轻对环境的污染,是汽车工业发展的必然趋势。铝合金材料由于其自身质量轻、易加工成型、节能、环保、回收率高等优势,被认为是汽车轻量化的首选材料。在实际应用过程中,为配合整体结构的装配,铝合金材料通常需要弯曲成一定的形状。但是弯曲成形回弹控制问题一直是该领域的研究难点。本文首先从成形方法、几何参数、材料参数、工艺参数等方面入手,将实验探究与有限元模拟相结合,讨论了这些因素对铝合金弯曲成形回弹的影响规律,揭示了这些因素对弯曲回弹的影响机理,为铝合金弯曲成形回弹行为的高精度控制提供了理论基础。另外,本文综述了铝合金弯曲回弹的预测及控制方法,并对铝合金弯曲回弹的现存问题进行总结归纳,有望对铝合金弯曲成形回弹行为的高精度控制提供新思路。

The Made in China 2025 listed lightweighting as the core and common technology for the development of many key industries.Improving the automobiles lightweighting can effectively save fuel consumption,reduce emissions and reduce pollution to the environment,which is an inevitable trend for the development of the automobile industry.Aluminum alloys are considered to be the material of choice for automotive lightweighting due to its own advantages of light weight,easy processing and molding,energy saving,environmental protection and high recycling rate.In practice,aluminum alloy materials usually need to be bent into a certain shapes in order to match the assembly of the overall structure.However,the springback phenomenon during bending is a serious problem which is difficult to regulate and control.This paper firstly starts from the forming method,geometric,material and process parameters,and combines experimental investigation with finite element simulation,discusses the influence law of these factors on the bending deformation springback of aluminum alloy,reveals the influence mechanism of these factors on the springback of aluminum alloy bending deformation,and provides the theoretical basis for the high precision control of the bending deformation rebound of aluminum alloy.In addition,the prediction and control methods have been reviewed in this paper,which is expected to provide new ideas for high precision springback control during aluminum alloys bending deformation.