C/D RNA的研究进展

Research progress of C/D RNA

C/D RNA是在古菌和真核生物中普遍存在的非编码RNA,和多个蛋白质结合形成复合物发挥功能。它的重要功能是指导rRNA和snRNA上2′-O-甲基化修饰,还有一些特殊的成员参与核糖体组装。结构研究揭示了C/D RNA如何和底物配对并选择特定的位点进行修饰的分子机制。C/D RNA也可以靶向mRNA、tRNA和其他RNA,通过非典型方式选择靶点,其生物发生和活性在体内受到多种调控。这些新发现大大拓展了对C/D RNA作用机制和生物学的认识。

C/D RNA forms a large group of non-coding RNAs universally present in eukaryotes and archaea.It assembles with multiple proteins into ribonucleoprotein(RNP)to function.The classic function of C/D RNA is to guide 2'-O-methylation in rRNA and snRNA,several special members are also involved in ribosome assembly.Structural analysis of C/D RNP has revealed the mechanism by which C/D RNA selects a specific site of substrate for modification.Recent studies show that C/D RNA can guide modification of mRNA,tRNA and other RNA and select target sites through non-canonical ways.Biogenesis and activity of C/D RNP can be regulated in cells.These developments greatly expand our understanding about the mechanism and biology of C/D RNA.