摘要
癌症mRNA疫苗凭借其良好的安全性、强大的免疫原性、高效的研发流程及较短的生产周期,在癌症治疗领域展现出无限潜力。它通过激活固有免疫、细胞免疫及体液免疫,诱发了强烈的抗肿瘤免疫反应。近年来,mRNA疫苗技术的不断创新,尤其是核苷修饰与结构优化,为疫苗研发注入了新的活力。作为当前mRNA疫苗领域最热门的非病毒递送载体,脂质纳米粒(lipid nanoparticles,LNP)的化学结构和组分极大地影响了疫苗的免疫原性。目前,多款癌症mRNA-LNP疫苗已进入临床试验阶段,并已被初步证明能有效激发抗肿瘤反应。本文从作用机制、mRNA疫苗关键技术、LNP递送系统和mRNA-LNP疫苗的临床现状四个方面讨论癌症mRNA-LNP疫苗的研究进展。
mRNA cancer vaccines demonstrate immense potential in cancer treatment due to their good safety,robust immunogenicity,efficient research and development process,and short production period.They can elicit potent anti-tumor immune responses by activating innate immunity,cellular immunity,and humoral immunity.In recent years,continuous innovations in mRNA vaccine technology,especially the modification of nucleoside and the optimization of structure,have brought new opportunities into vaccine development.Lipid nanoparticles(LNP)are the most popular delivery system,whose chemical structures and components can greatly affect the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccine.Currently,several mRNA-LNP cancer vaccines are undergoing clinical trials and have initially demonstrated efficacy in eliciting anti-tumor immune responses.This review examines the research progress in mRNA-LNP cancer vaccines from four perspectives:the mechanism,mRNA key technologies,LNP delivery system,and clinical status of mRNA-LNP cancer vaccines.
作者
郝怡嘉
韩雪祥
HAO Yijia;HAN Xuexiang(Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation,Science and Engineering,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science,Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China)
出处
《生命的化学》
CAS
2024年第9期1745-1757,共13页
Chemistry of Life
基金
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB0570000)。
