杭州某医院高脂血症患者ApoE基因分析

Analysis of ApoE gene in patients with hyperlipidemia in a hospital in Hangzhou

目的探究高脂血症患者载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)基因的多态性及其分布情况。方法选取2023年10月至2024年6月于杭州市第九人民医院确诊的370例高脂血症患者,采用荧光聚合酶链式反应对患者的血液预处理样本进行基因多态性检测,比较不同性别、不同年龄段高脂血症患者基因多态性的分布。结果(1)本研究中2个基因位点(ApoE388T>C、ApoE526C>T)的多态性分布符合哈迪-温伯格遗传平衡定律,表明具有群体代表性;(2)本研究中370例高脂血症患者的ApoE基因分布情况为E3/E366.49%、E3/E420.27%、E2/E38.65%、E2/E41.89%、E2/E21.35%和E4/E41.35%,携带E4基因的患者比例约是携带E2基因的1.88倍;(3)ApoE基因多态性的分布差异与患者的性别和年龄无关(P>0.05)。结论杭州市某医院高脂血症患者ApoE的基因多态性分布不均匀且分布与性别及年龄无关,建议在使用他汀类药物治疗前重视对患者ApoE基因的检测以评估治疗效果。

Objective To explore the polymorphism and distribution of apolipoprotein E(ApoE)gene in patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods A total of 370 hyperlipidemia patients diagnosed at Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital from October 2023 to June 2024 were selected.Gene polymorphism was detected in the blood samples of the patients using fluorescence polymerase chain reaction,and the distribution of gene polymorphism among different genders and age groups within this population was compared.Results①The polymorphism distribution of the two genetic loci(ApoE 388T>C and ApoE 526C>T)in the studied sample population conforms to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium,indicating that it is representative of the population;②Among the 370 patients,the distribution of the ApoE gene was as follows:E3/E3(66.49%),E3/E4(20.27%),E2/E3(8.65%),E2/E4(1.89%),E2/E2(1.35%),and E4/E4(1.35%).The proportion of the patient population carrying the E4 allele was about 1.88 times higher than that of those carrying the E2 allele;③The distribution differences of ApoE gene polymorphism were not related to the patients'gender and age(P>0.05).Conclusion The distribution of ApoE gene polymorphism among hyperlipidemia patients at a hospital in Hangzhou is uneven and is not related to gender or age groups.Therefore,it is recommended to prioritize the detection of ApoE gene in patients before using statin medications to assess treatment effectiveness.